The first settlements in the area of Montespertoli go back to the Etruscan Age, when the locality was already an important trading place.
The real birth of the village occurred during the Middle Ages, when it was under the jurisdiction of the Acciaioli's family, that made a castle built whose around the community of Montespertoli started to gather.
Montespertoli developed its economy becoming an important market thanks to its closeness to important roads like the so called "Via Volterrana" that, going through the territory of Montespertoli, joined to the "Via Francigena".
In 1135 the city of Florence besieged the village of Montespertoli destroying its castle. During the next century Montespertoli became a first free common and then it was added to the domains of the Republic of Florence.
The history of the village of Montespertoli was related to the events involving the Florentine Republic, being this latter governed first by the Medici's Grand Dukes and then, at the beginning of the XVIII-th century, by the Lorena's Dukes who increased the local economy thanks to the reclamation of the territory operated during their domination.